It is classified as such, in situ, which means that it occurs in the uppermost layers of skin. Superficial spreading melanoma usually appears as a thin patch that spreads outwards (known as radial growth) before it invades vertically into the dermis, the lower layer of our skin. The period between its appearance and its invasion can last for a relatively long time, ranging from months to decades.
How does superficial spreading melanoma start?
Superficial spreading melanoma occurs when melanocyte cells (the cells that produce melanin, which gives color to our skin) begin clustering together in the lowest layer of the epidermis known as the basal layer. The forming cluster is the basis of the malignant patch, which will eventually spread across the top layers of skin. The melanoma often begins from an irregular mole, also known as a dysplastic nevus. Approximately 25% of cases arise from an existing mole, while the rest derive from a new mole.
Who gets it?
While the exact trigger of melanoma is still unknown, we know that it is a result of gene mutations. Many studies have shown that repeated sun exposure is highly linked to incidences of melanoma. Superficial spreading melanoma in particular almost always occurs in light-skinned individuals as a result of sun exposure, commonly appearing in men. That also doesn’t mean women, may not get this type of melanoma. We all must continue with our Abcde, skin checks and daily sunscreen!
source: AIMatMelanoma